Emperor Yan (Yandi) was also called "Red Emperor (Chidi)", "Lieshan Shi", or "Shennong Shi". In legend, he was a clan leader in ancient times in China and, together with Emperor Huang, was the forefather of the Chinese nation. The title of "Descendants of Yan and Huang" just came from their names.

It is said that Emperor Yan made huge contribution to the subsistence and propagation of Chinese nation. He taught people to make farming tools, and plant crops, which promoted the development of agricultural production; it is he that found hemps could be used to produce clothing, and so, since then, people began to wear clothes; he tasted various medicinal materials, which established the base to further develop the medicine industry; he made and used potteries, which improved people's living condition; he invented bows and arrows, which safeguarded people and their labors; furthermore, he made musical instruments to entertain the people. In sum, Emperor Yan has made important contribution to the Chinese nation.

Emperor Yan is the embodiment of the collective wisdom of remote ancient people overcoming the nature. Emperor Yan's virtues of dedication, creation, unyieldingness and constant struggle have been a symbol of national spirit of Chinese nation. The legend about Emperor Yan is always very popular among common people and the governments. A Temple of Emperor Yan and a Tomb of Emperor Yan were built in the Changyang Mountain in the south suburb of Baoji and in the Baoji city zone respectively. On every Tomb-sweeping Day, descendants of Yan and Huang from home and abroad will come here to hold grand sacrifice ceremonies to commemorate the forefather of Chinese nation - Emperor Yan.