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Battle of Fuzhou - The Opening Engagement of the Nine-month Sino-French War
The Battle of Fuzhou, or Battle of Foochow, also known as the Battle of the Pagoda Anchorage, was the opening engagement of the nine-month Sino-French War (August 1884–April 1885). The battle was fought on 23 August 1884 off the Pagoda Anchorage in Mawei harbour, 15 kilometres to the southeast of the city of Fuzhou (Foochow). During the battle Admiral Amedee Courbet's Far East Squadron virtually destroyed the Fujian Fleet, one of China's four regional fleets.
Sino-French War
Sino-French War (1883–85), conflict between China and France over Vietnam, which disclosed the inadequacy of China's modernization efforts and aroused nationalistic sentiment in South China. The French had already begun to encroach on Vietnam, China's major protectorate in the south, and by 1880 controlled the three southern provinces, known as Cochinchina.
Margary Affair - A Diplomatic Crisis
Margary Affair is the name of a crisis in Sino-British relations, which followed the murder of British official Augustus Raymond Margary in 1875. As part of efforts to explore overland trade routes between British India and China province, junior British diplomat Augustus Raymond Margary was sent from Shanghai through southwest China to Bhamo in Upper Burma, where he was supposed to met Colonel Horace Browne.
Panthay Rebellion - A Separatist Movement in Chinese History
The Panthay Rebellion (1856–1873), known in Chinese as the Du Wenxiu Rebellion (杜文秀起义) was a separatist movement of the Hui people and Chinese Muslims against the imperial Qing Dynasty in southwestern Yunnan Province, China, as part of a wave of Hui-led multi-ethnic unrest.
Viceroy of Zhili - The Most Honorable and Powerful Regional Viceroys of the Qing Dynasty
The Viceroy of Zhili (直隶总督), fully referred to as the Governor General of Zhili and surrounding areas; Overseeing Military Affairs, Food Production; Manager of Waterways; Director of Civil Affairs, was one of eight regional viceroys of the Qing Dynasty in China. Chinese historians often rank the Viceroy of Zhili as the most honorable and powerful, and the Viceroy of Liangjiang as the richest of the eight.
Tianjin Massacre - One of the Most Important Religious Cases of the Late Qing Dynasty
The Tianjin Religious Case (天津教案) occurred in Tianjin in 1870. It is considered to be one of the archetypal and most important religious cases or missionary cases of the late Qing Dynasty. The incident marked the end of the comparative cooperation between foreign powers and the Tongzhi court, and adversely affected the ongoing renegotiation of the Treaties of Tianjin of 1858.
Nien Rebellion - An Epic Armed Uprising in Chinese History
The Nien Rebellion (Chinese: 捻军起义) was an epic armed uprising that took place in northern China from 1851 to 1868, contemporaneously with Taiping Rebellion (1851-1864) in South China. The rebellion failed to topple the Qing dynasty, but caused immense economic devastation and loss of life that became one of the major long-term factors in the collapse of the Qing regime.
Yangzhou Riot - A Brief Crisis in Anglo-Chinese Relations during the Late Qing Dynasty
The Yangzhou riot of August 22-23, 1868 was a brief crisis in Anglo-Chinese relations during the late Qing Dynasty. The crisis was fomented by the gentry of Yangzhou who opposed the presence of foreign Christian missionaries in the city, who claimed that they were legally residing under the provisions of the Convention of Peking. Threats against the missionaries were circulated by large character posters placed around the city. Rumors followed that the foreigners were stealing babies and killing them to make medicine.
Tongwen Guan - A Government School for Teaching Western Languages and Scientific Subjects
Tongwen Guan (Chinese: 同文馆), or the School of Combined Learning was a government school for teaching Western languages (and later scientific subjects), founded at Beijing, China in 1862 during the late-Qing Dynasty. The establishment signifies the Qing Empire, after years of reluctance, at last tried to learn about the West of their own accord.
Convention of Peking
The Convention of Peking or the First Convention of Peking is the name used for three different treaties, which were concluded between Qing China and the United Kingdom, France, and Russia.